Network Switch

A network switch is a critical hardware device in computer networks that connects multiple devices. These are computers, printers, servers, and other networked equipment—within a local area network (LAN). It acts like a virtual highway, allowing data packets (like cars) to travel efficiently from the source to the destination device. By directing traffic based on MAC addresses, the switch ensures that data reaches only its intended recipient, improving network speed and reducing congestion.

Unlike hubs, which broadcast data to all connected devices. A switch intelligently forwards data only to the specific device it is intended for. The switch uses MAC (Media Access Control) addresses to determine the correct destination. This improves overall network efficiency and reduces unnecessary traffic.

Switches primarily function at Layer 2 (the Data Link Layer) of the OSI model. More advanced models, called Layer 3 switches, add routing capabilities similar to those of routers.

Manufacturers offer a wide range of switches Starting with simple un-managed devices for home or small office use to fully managed enterprise-grade models with advanced features like VLAN support, Quality of Service (QoS), port mirroring, link aggregation, and network monitoring. In today’s networks, switches play a crucial role in building scalable, reliable, and high-speed wired infrastructures.